The climate condition that brings about the slow advance of the African Sahel is desertification. The African Sahel covers 5,400 km width of land from the west of the Atlantic Ocean to the east of the Red Sea. It is mostly covered in savanna and grassland such as Acacia tortilis, Acacia Senegal, Cenchrus biflorus and Acacia laeta. It used to be a great land.
However, several problems occurred through the increased pressure on land which caused by the advances in the desert or desertification – droughts and famine. Although the French developed means to revitalize the area by digging wells and opening new markets in the south, it still did not help the area because it only led to deforestation and overgrazing.
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