Which condition may cause the intrinsic (intrarenal) form of acute renal failure?

Correct answer is option D - Nephrotoxic injury secondary to use of contrast media.

Intrinsic (intrarenal) form of acute renal failure occurs when there is a direct damage to the kidneys.

Of all the options mentioned above, only option D is a possible intrinsic cause of renal failure.
Poor perfusion to the kidneys is a prerenal form of acute renal failure.

Damage to cells in the adrenal cortex will lead to a decrease in the level of aldosterone which can cause hypotension (hyponatremic volume contraction) and not intrinsic form of acute renal failure.
Obstruction of the urinary collecting system is a postrenal form of acute renal failure.

Nephrotoxic injury secondary to use of contrast media-rationale: intrinsic renal failure results from damage to the kidney, such as from nephrotoxic injury caused by contrast media, antibiotics, corticosteroids, or bacterial toxins. poor perfusion to the kidneys may result in prerenal failure. damage to the epithelial cells of the renal tubules results from nephrotoxic injury, not damage to the adrenal cortex. obstruction of the urinary collecting system may cause postrenal failure. client needs category: physiological integrity client needs subcategory: physiological adaptation cognitive level: application reference: smeltzer, s.c., et al. brunner & suddarths textbook of medical-surgical nursing,11th ed. philadelphia: lippincott williams & wilkins, 2008, p. 1522.