Neurons, the building blocks of the brain, have the task of processing information and passing it to other areas of the brain. Neurons are altered as result of a memory being stored, impulses being sent along neural pathways. Those changes or traces in affected neurons multiply and form patterns that make a memory.
Repetition and recall have the effect of reinforcing a memory trace, making that memory stronger. That is why study involving repeating, writing and rewriting, and telling back information leads to 'knowing' that information sufficiently to recall it in examinations, for instance.
The human brain is comprised of about 100 billion neurons and these neurons are responsible for recording memory by sending messages to one another across narrow gaps called synapses. The messages get sent and received from one neuron to another by specialized chemicals called neurotransmitters. Once the neurons have encoded the message or memory, they have to be stored somewhere in the brain.
Scientists believe memories initially in the hippocampus but then the neurons move throughout the brain and similar memories are stored together. For example, spoken memories are stored near the brain’s language center and visual memories near the visual cortex.
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