Which of Odysseus' traits allows his triumph in the bow-and-arrow challenge that Penelope sets for her suitors?

The correct answer to this question is his skill as a marksman. In Book 21 of 'The Odyssey,' Penelope gets Odysseus' bow and arrow from a closet for a contest for her suitors. She declares that she will marry the suitor who can string the bow and shoot an arrow through twelve axes.

Each suitor, one by one, attempts to string the bow but eventually they all fail. In disguise, Odysseus takes his turn to string the bow. He strings it with ease, and then shoots the arrow cleanly through the line of the twelve axes, demonstrating his skill as a marksman.